Dear NAPBS Members,
As you may be aware, the State of New York has amended its laws relating to investigative consumer reports and those reports containing criminal reports. New York’s ex-convict’s have a high unemployment rate of approximately 60% after one year from release. To help those people find employment, New York is working to make it very clear to the users of criminal reports that they cannot discriminate against these people simply because they have a criminal record.
On February 1, 2009, two changes to the New York consumer reporting laws will become effective:
§380-c, General Business Law. If a user requests an investigative consumer report for employment purposes, The user must, in the notice to the consumer state that a report will be sought and indicate that it is providing a copy of Article 23-A of the New York Correction Law to the consumer which sets for the anti-discrimination provision relating to those with criminal records. It matters not whether the investigative consumer report will contain any criminal record information.
§380-g, General Business Law. This amendment added sub-section (d) which provides that if a consumer report contains a criminal record then the user shall provide a copy of Article 23-A of the Correction Law to the consumer.
While the law does not specifically state which hiring situations are controlled by these new laws, past research suggests that New York discrimination laws will apply to those working in the State of New York. Thus it will apply to a New York company employing an applicant to work in New York. It will not apply to a New York company employing a person in New Jersey unless they hire that person in New York. It will apply to a New Jersey employing someone in New York.
What does a consumer reporting agency need to do?
1. Provide a workable copy of Article 23-A of the New York Correction law which provides the rights of non-discrimination for those with criminal records to your customers. A suggested format is included. It is down to a front and back of one page.
2. Provide new language in your Consent and Release forms referencing that a copy of Article 23-A is being provided to the consumer. A suggested form is provided. In regard to the use of Consent and Release forms, the new law provisions do not follow a logical connection to the report being provided since they require notification if any investigative consumer report, regardless of whether the report includes criminal records, is ordered but the notice about criminal convictions must be in a Consent and Release form. Of course, many regular consumer reports contain criminal records, but the Consent and Release for these types of reports need not contain this notice regarding discrimination and the use of criminal reports. Rather the user of a regular consumer report will provide a copy of the law later in the process. This creates a very confusing situation. When the law creates choices, it is likely that some ministerial person will select the wrong choice and thus create the legal trap. It is recommended that a single Consent and Release form be used for New York employment and every consumer who is the subject of the report be provided a copy of the anti-discrimination law found in Article 23-A. If you wish to alter your own forms rather than using the attached form, then be sure that the form covers regular and investigative consumer reports and that an acknowledgement for the receipt of Article 23-A is included on the form.
New York has also provided a safe harbor for employers. Since the state is pushing for employment of those with a criminal record, it has now provided a defense to a negligent hiring/retention claim if the employer considers the elements contained in §753 of Article 23-A. Logically the inverse should be true that such analysis would provide a defense to a discrimination claim by an applicant who is not hired. Your clients may not have heard of this law or they may not have implemented it in their hiring process. In order not to lose clients due to new legal requirements, it is suggested that CRAs provide the enclosed suggested form with the attached cover letter to their customers which can be used either to qualify or disqualify an applicant/employee based upon his/her criminal record. Filling out part of the form, not the decision making process, might be of service the CRA can offer to the client and thus the customer only has to describe the relationship of the offense to the job and the reasons for not hiring or hiring the individual. Further, a chart of New York offenses and their classifications so that relative seriousness can be noted on the form, is also attached. We cannot guarantee the completeness of this chart, but it is the official chart provided by the State of New York for categorizing state crimes.
Documents can be found at
http://www.napbs.com/content.php?id=270
Scroll to the bottom of the page for the New York Documents.